God helps those who persevere.
— The Koran
...in any good society, nothing justifies the powerful excluding the powerless from basic opportunities.
...providing incentives for people to do the right thing matters a great deal. Institutions are key in reminding us who we are meant to be and how we are expected to behave as community members and citizens.
Poverty is too complex to be answered with a one-size-fits all approach...
Markets alone won't solve the problems of poverty. Low-income people are invisible to most entrepreneurs, who don't see them as paying customers. Poor distribution, lack of infrastructure, and corruption all add up to failure of markets to deliver to the poor what they want and need at prices they can afford.
What is needed going forward is a philosophy based on human dignity, which all of us need and crave. We can end poverty if we start by looking at all human beings as part of a single global community that recognizes that everyone deserves a chance to build a life worth living.
Showing posts with label Jacqueline Novogratz/The Blue Sweater— Bridging the Gap Between Rich and Poor in an Interconnected World. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Jacqueline Novogratz/The Blue Sweater— Bridging the Gap Between Rich and Poor in an Interconnected World. Show all posts
Thursday, May 5, 2011
The Blue Sweater, Chapter 9, Blue Paint on the Road
There are only two mistakes one can make along the road to truth; not going all the way, and not starting. — Buddha
Programs serving the poor needed to do a better job of giving people the chance to aim high and believe in themselves— and of holding them accountable for reaching their goals.
...we have to build accountability into all aspects of development— and of philanthropy— and how the world is really connected.
Private initiative and innovation driven by philanthropy were our best hope for finding those ways to give the poor the opportunities they deserved.
Angela Glover Blackwell: ..."minoritarian leadership": "America needs leaders who are comfortable with diversity."
"Individuals in the dominant culture assume the rules work because they've always seemed fair to them. On the other hand, people who view themselves as outsiders have had to learn to navigate the dominant culture in order to be successful. Becoming attuned to how others function and make decisions is a critical skill set we need to inculcate in our next generation of leaders."
"To thine own self be true": Add to this humility, empathy, a sense of curiosity, courage, and plain old hard work, and I was finally seeing the real path to leadership.
...just bringing diverse people together is not enough to foster productive dialogue. More powerful is enabling groups of people to work on a common venture, a common problem.
Leading is a lifelong proposition— and the people who seem least like you are usually the people you need most.
Good public policy must accompany market-oriented solutions that are undergirded with an imperative of moral leadership.
We can't wait around for someone else to change things...
...leadership is about having vision and the moral imagination to put oneself in another's shoes...
Programs serving the poor needed to do a better job of giving people the chance to aim high and believe in themselves— and of holding them accountable for reaching their goals.
...we have to build accountability into all aspects of development— and of philanthropy— and how the world is really connected.
Private initiative and innovation driven by philanthropy were our best hope for finding those ways to give the poor the opportunities they deserved.
Angela Glover Blackwell: ..."minoritarian leadership": "America needs leaders who are comfortable with diversity."
"Individuals in the dominant culture assume the rules work because they've always seemed fair to them. On the other hand, people who view themselves as outsiders have had to learn to navigate the dominant culture in order to be successful. Becoming attuned to how others function and make decisions is a critical skill set we need to inculcate in our next generation of leaders."
"To thine own self be true": Add to this humility, empathy, a sense of curiosity, courage, and plain old hard work, and I was finally seeing the real path to leadership.
...just bringing diverse people together is not enough to foster productive dialogue. More powerful is enabling groups of people to work on a common venture, a common problem.
Leading is a lifelong proposition— and the people who seem least like you are usually the people you need most.
Good public policy must accompany market-oriented solutions that are undergirded with an imperative of moral leadership.
We can't wait around for someone else to change things...
...leadership is about having vision and the moral imagination to put oneself in another's shoes...
Friday, April 15, 2011
The Blue Sweater, Chapter 8, A New Learning Curve
We are made wise not by the recollection of the past, but for the responsibility for our future.
— George Bernard Shaw
If we could find a way to help the market actually work for poor farmers, then they could make their own investments...and repay when the harvest came in. They wouldn't be waiting for an agency to give them things...a mind-set beyond charity...they were market driven and deserved solutions that could help sustain themselves for years.
...the only way this will work is if they own it themselves, if they can see their own lives getting better because of their efforts and ability to control their own futures and not have to wait around for the government.
The developing world needed management skills. It needed people who knew how to start and build companies, not just people with good intentions.
...those who sought power and money made the rules; yet power alone could corrupt and corrode.
"Power without love is reckless and abusive; love without power sentimental and anemic."
—Martin Luther King
(So, in other words, the bottom line is money = power, but that power uses the world for its own benefit. power + love = changing the world for the benefit of everyone)
There had to be a way to combine the power, rigor, and discipline of the marketplace with the compassion in so many projects aimed at the very poor. Capitaslism's future rests on how much creativity and room for inclusion it can tolerate.
John Gardener, founder of Common Cause: ...community, what does it mean, how do you foster and build it. Humans thrive in relationship to each other and that communities in which each individual feels a sense of belonging and of accountability are key to our individual and societal success.
(Sounds like an article by Joseph Stieglitz in the latest Vanity Fair, "Of the 1%, by the 1%, for the 1%":Alexis de Tocqueville once described what he saw as a chief part of the peculiar genius of American society—something he called “self-interest properly understood.” The last two words were the key. Everyone possesses self-interest in a narrow sense: I want what’s good for me right now! Self-interest “properly understood” is different. It means appreciating that paying attention to everyone else’s self-interest—in other words, the common welfare—is in fact a precondition for one’s own ultimate well-being. Tocqueville was not suggesting that there was anything noble or idealistic about this outlook—in fact, he was suggesting the opposite. It was a mark of American pragmatism. Those canny Americans understood a basic fact: looking out for the other guy isn’t just good for the soul—it’s good for business.
The top 1 percent have the best houses, the best educations, the best doctors, and the best lifestyles, but there is one thing that money doesn’t seem to have bought: an understanding that their fate is bound up with how the other 99 percent live. Throughout history, this is something that the top 1 percent eventually do learn. Too late.")
Gardener: "...communities today transcend geography and you belong to multiple ones...but to be truly effective you must root yourself more strongly in your home's own soil. Only by knowing ourselves can we trult understand others— and knowing where you come from is an important part of knowing who you are."
Business is a powerful way to bring discipline and rigor to sokutions that could lead to a greater feeling of independence and choice among people too often treated as invisible...Everyone wants the same things. And low-income people the world over are challenged by many similar constraints.
Peter Goldmark, President, Rockefeller Foundation: "...giving away money effectively can be much more difficult than making it...philanthropy can appeal to people who want to be loved more than they want to make a difference.
"...philanthropy could effect systemic change...dare to dream big...large sums of money don't always translate into big dreams or big results. (lack of accountability)
"How can you help those who are interested in doing something important with their wealth?
"The one thing for you to teach is that the most important skill needed is listening. If philanthropists don't first listen, they will never be able to address issues fully because they will not understand them. Second, philanthropists should focus on supporting others to do what they already do wel, rather than running programs themselves...ego is a powerful burden.
"... philanthropists should find innovations that release the energies of people. Individuals don't want to be taken care of— they need to be given a chance to fulfill their own potential. Too many projects create dependence that helps no one in the long run.
"...Think about community. People need to feel responsible to one another. Otherwise, we will breed successful individuals who don't feel connected enough to the greater society.
"...the intellectual elites who run society often have very little empathy for people with less. And when they do think empathically, they focus on the pooerst of the poor and not on the lower middle portion of society, though it is so critical to societal change."
Maha Ghosanandra: "If you move through the world with only your intellect, then you walk on only one leg. If you move through the world with only your compassion, then you walk on only one leg. But if you move through the world with both intellect and compassion, then you have wisdom."
— George Bernard Shaw
If we could find a way to help the market actually work for poor farmers, then they could make their own investments...and repay when the harvest came in. They wouldn't be waiting for an agency to give them things...a mind-set beyond charity...they were market driven and deserved solutions that could help sustain themselves for years.
...the only way this will work is if they own it themselves, if they can see their own lives getting better because of their efforts and ability to control their own futures and not have to wait around for the government.
The developing world needed management skills. It needed people who knew how to start and build companies, not just people with good intentions.
...those who sought power and money made the rules; yet power alone could corrupt and corrode.
"Power without love is reckless and abusive; love without power sentimental and anemic."
—Martin Luther King
(So, in other words, the bottom line is money = power, but that power uses the world for its own benefit. power + love = changing the world for the benefit of everyone)
There had to be a way to combine the power, rigor, and discipline of the marketplace with the compassion in so many projects aimed at the very poor. Capitaslism's future rests on how much creativity and room for inclusion it can tolerate.
John Gardener, founder of Common Cause: ...community, what does it mean, how do you foster and build it. Humans thrive in relationship to each other and that communities in which each individual feels a sense of belonging and of accountability are key to our individual and societal success.
(Sounds like an article by Joseph Stieglitz in the latest Vanity Fair, "Of the 1%, by the 1%, for the 1%":Alexis de Tocqueville once described what he saw as a chief part of the peculiar genius of American society—something he called “self-interest properly understood.” The last two words were the key. Everyone possesses self-interest in a narrow sense: I want what’s good for me right now! Self-interest “properly understood” is different. It means appreciating that paying attention to everyone else’s self-interest—in other words, the common welfare—is in fact a precondition for one’s own ultimate well-being. Tocqueville was not suggesting that there was anything noble or idealistic about this outlook—in fact, he was suggesting the opposite. It was a mark of American pragmatism. Those canny Americans understood a basic fact: looking out for the other guy isn’t just good for the soul—it’s good for business.
The top 1 percent have the best houses, the best educations, the best doctors, and the best lifestyles, but there is one thing that money doesn’t seem to have bought: an understanding that their fate is bound up with how the other 99 percent live. Throughout history, this is something that the top 1 percent eventually do learn. Too late.")
Gardener: "...communities today transcend geography and you belong to multiple ones...but to be truly effective you must root yourself more strongly in your home's own soil. Only by knowing ourselves can we trult understand others— and knowing where you come from is an important part of knowing who you are."
Business is a powerful way to bring discipline and rigor to sokutions that could lead to a greater feeling of independence and choice among people too often treated as invisible...Everyone wants the same things. And low-income people the world over are challenged by many similar constraints.
Peter Goldmark, President, Rockefeller Foundation: "...giving away money effectively can be much more difficult than making it...philanthropy can appeal to people who want to be loved more than they want to make a difference.
"...philanthropy could effect systemic change...dare to dream big...large sums of money don't always translate into big dreams or big results. (lack of accountability)
"How can you help those who are interested in doing something important with their wealth?
"The one thing for you to teach is that the most important skill needed is listening. If philanthropists don't first listen, they will never be able to address issues fully because they will not understand them. Second, philanthropists should focus on supporting others to do what they already do wel, rather than running programs themselves...ego is a powerful burden.
"... philanthropists should find innovations that release the energies of people. Individuals don't want to be taken care of— they need to be given a chance to fulfill their own potential. Too many projects create dependence that helps no one in the long run.
"...Think about community. People need to feel responsible to one another. Otherwise, we will breed successful individuals who don't feel connected enough to the greater society.
"...the intellectual elites who run society often have very little empathy for people with less. And when they do think empathically, they focus on the pooerst of the poor and not on the lower middle portion of society, though it is so critical to societal change."
Maha Ghosanandra: "If you move through the world with only your intellect, then you walk on only one leg. If you move through the world with only your compassion, then you walk on only one leg. But if you move through the world with both intellect and compassion, then you have wisdom."
Monday, April 11, 2011
The Blue Sweater, Chapter 7, Traveling Without a Road Map
You see, I want a lot/ Perhaps I want everything:/ the darkness that comes with every infinite fall and the shivering blaze of every step up.
— Rainer Maria Rilke
Trust— it is such a simple word and so critical to the functioning of any good society.
When we ran our non-profit like a business, though we raised charitable money, we succeeded. When we acted more like a typical non-profit, neither holding ourselves to our mission nor measuring results, we usually failed.
How you see where you are depends on where you've been.
— Rainer Maria Rilke
Trust— it is such a simple word and so critical to the functioning of any good society.
When we ran our non-profit like a business, though we raised charitable money, we succeeded. When we acted more like a typical non-profit, neither holding ourselves to our mission nor measuring results, we usually failed.
How you see where you are depends on where you've been.
Thursday, April 7, 2011
The Blue Sweater, Chapter 6, Dancing in the Dark
"I have only one request./ i do not ask for money/Although I have need of it,/ I do not ask for meat.../ I have only one request,/ All I ask/That you remove/the roadblock/From my path."
— Okot P'Bitek, "Song of an American Woman"
Perhaps my pace had been more my agenda than theirs.
Meanwhile I found myself frustrated once again by development "experts" who looked in from the outside and suggested clever solutions that created a lot of noise, distorted markets, resulted in systemic corruption, and accomplished little.
How do you define success? How do you know you've been successful? How do you know what you're seeing without real measures of accountability? And how do you know when you've failed?
We should learn from failures, but we have to name them first, talk about them, learn from them.
Is corruption a cause of poverty, or is poverty a cause of corruption?
There might be some chance that you give them money if they answer your questions in the way you want to hear them.
...Stephen Biko, who understood that freedom is not just about political liberty, but also economic independence and the power of choice.
If women had been given a chance to borrow for a project they believed would generate income, they would have focused more seriously on the work. A market mechanism would have provided a better feedback loop for both women and donors. Instead, the system festered under low expectations and mediocre results.
— Okot P'Bitek, "Song of an American Woman"
Perhaps my pace had been more my agenda than theirs.
Meanwhile I found myself frustrated once again by development "experts" who looked in from the outside and suggested clever solutions that created a lot of noise, distorted markets, resulted in systemic corruption, and accomplished little.
How do you define success? How do you know you've been successful? How do you know what you're seeing without real measures of accountability? And how do you know when you've failed?
We should learn from failures, but we have to name them first, talk about them, learn from them.
Is corruption a cause of poverty, or is poverty a cause of corruption?
There might be some chance that you give them money if they answer your questions in the way you want to hear them.
...Stephen Biko, who understood that freedom is not just about political liberty, but also economic independence and the power of choice.
If women had been given a chance to borrow for a project they believed would generate income, they would have focused more seriously on the work. A market mechanism would have provided a better feedback loop for both women and donors. Instead, the system festered under low expectations and mediocre results.
The Blue Sweater, Chapter 5, The Blue Bakery
"Poverty won't allow him to lift his head: dignity won't allow him to bow it down."
— Madagasy proverb
I wanted to know what it would take to build a business that actually created jobs for poor people.
...we show the world who we are through our actions, not merely through words or intentions.
The world had written off this little group, yet they had a chance to do something important for themselves, and in doing so, maybe they would change perceptions of what the poorest women are capable of accomplishing.
...we were all in this together.
...the women began to see— for the first time in their lives— a real correlation between the effort they put into their work and the income they earned.
...listening is not just having the patience to wait, it is also learning how to ask questions themselves. People who've always been dependent on others for some kind of charity or goodwill often have a hard time saying what they really want because usually no one asks them. And if they are asked, the poor often think no one really wants to hear the truth...still building trust.
Money is freedom and confidence and choice. And choice is dignity.
— Madagasy proverb
I wanted to know what it would take to build a business that actually created jobs for poor people.
...we show the world who we are through our actions, not merely through words or intentions.
The world had written off this little group, yet they had a chance to do something important for themselves, and in doing so, maybe they would change perceptions of what the poorest women are capable of accomplishing.
...we were all in this together.
...the women began to see— for the first time in their lives— a real correlation between the effort they put into their work and the income they earned.
...listening is not just having the patience to wait, it is also learning how to ask questions themselves. People who've always been dependent on others for some kind of charity or goodwill often have a hard time saying what they really want because usually no one asks them. And if they are asked, the poor often think no one really wants to hear the truth...still building trust.
Money is freedom and confidence and choice. And choice is dignity.
The Blue Sweater, Chapter 4, Basket Economics and Political Realities
"If you don't like the way the world is, you change it. You have an obligation to change it. You just do it one step at a time."
— Marian Wright Edelman
...only when women control money will they have the power to walk away from being hurt.
...most big dreams originate in someone's living room (or a bar or a bus) with a small group of people, regardless of where they come from or how they are dressed.
The real problem with big donors was that the money usually came with strings attached— they wanted us to carry out their projects and typically wanted the money spent in a year...
We have to show them that we care: This meant hanging in there with the tough questions and holding our clients accountable even if the rest of the world didn't.
One of the lessons of start-ups, though, is that whenever you think things are going well, something happens to hand you back your humility. (Sounds like what Peter Drucker also said. The key is to be prepared for those eventualities.)
— Marian Wright Edelman
...only when women control money will they have the power to walk away from being hurt.
...most big dreams originate in someone's living room (or a bar or a bus) with a small group of people, regardless of where they come from or how they are dressed.
The real problem with big donors was that the money usually came with strings attached— they wanted us to carry out their projects and typically wanted the money spent in a year...
We have to show them that we care: This meant hanging in there with the tough questions and holding our clients accountable even if the rest of the world didn't.
One of the lessons of start-ups, though, is that whenever you think things are going well, something happens to hand you back your humility. (Sounds like what Peter Drucker also said. The key is to be prepared for those eventualities.)
The Blue Sweater, Chapter 3, Context Matters
"Hope is a path on the mountainside. At first there is no path. But then there are people passing that way. And then there is a path."
— Lu Xun
The real question was what it would take to make the institution real. My plan was to talk to as many people as I could, learn as much as possible, and then just start building. The work would teach us what was feasible and what was not. First step: endless phone calls and meetings.
...we are here to create opportunities that would only work if we believed in the people we were serving. I decided to avoid the cynics and the carreerists...By lending women money instead of giving handouts, we would signal our high expectations for them and give them the chance to do something for their own lives rather than waiting for the "experts" to give them things they might or might not need.
If you support a woman you support a family.
Think of charging fair interest as practice for the women to interact with the formal economy. It will help them build real businesses— and they want the option to borrow!
If you depend on grants each year then the project will only work if the donors keep giving.
...the importance of giving different kinds of people seats at the table in order to bring new ideas to reality.
— Lu Xun
The real question was what it would take to make the institution real. My plan was to talk to as many people as I could, learn as much as possible, and then just start building. The work would teach us what was feasible and what was not. First step: endless phone calls and meetings.
...we are here to create opportunities that would only work if we believed in the people we were serving. I decided to avoid the cynics and the carreerists...By lending women money instead of giving handouts, we would signal our high expectations for them and give them the chance to do something for their own lives rather than waiting for the "experts" to give them things they might or might not need.
If you support a woman you support a family.
Think of charging fair interest as practice for the women to interact with the formal economy. It will help them build real businesses— and they want the option to borrow!
If you depend on grants each year then the project will only work if the donors keep giving.
...the importance of giving different kinds of people seats at the table in order to bring new ideas to reality.
Tuesday, March 29, 2011
The Blue Sweater, Chapter 2, A Bird on the Outside, A Tiger Within
"You gain strength, courage, and confidence by every experience in which you really stop to look fear in the face. You must do the thing which you think you cannot do." — Eleanor Roosevelt
In order to contribute to Africa (Waianae), I would have to know myself better and be clearer about my goals. I would have to be ready to take Africa (Waianae) on its own terms, not mine, and to learn my limits and present myself not as a do-gooder with a big heart, but as someone with something to give and gain by being there. Compassion wasn't enough.
The first step in solving any problem is to identify and name it.
My ability to solve the problem did little to help if the women themselves didn't want to implement a solution.
I should have been clearer about having a mandate first and gotten real buy-in, not just a perfunctory agreement, and then brought the right people along throughout the process so there were no surprises. The question was one of leadership, of having the patience and skills to bring people with me— and I had yet to learn that fully.
...how to build accountability into non-profit organizations. Donors could convince themselves to give to nonperforming organizations based on hearing a few good stories. The world needed something better than that.
...it can take years for a new kind of organization to get on its feet and a few years after that for it to walk. The key is to find local leaders who own the dream and will make it happen.
In order to contribute to Africa (Waianae), I would have to know myself better and be clearer about my goals. I would have to be ready to take Africa (Waianae) on its own terms, not mine, and to learn my limits and present myself not as a do-gooder with a big heart, but as someone with something to give and gain by being there. Compassion wasn't enough.
The first step in solving any problem is to identify and name it.
My ability to solve the problem did little to help if the women themselves didn't want to implement a solution.
I should have been clearer about having a mandate first and gotten real buy-in, not just a perfunctory agreement, and then brought the right people along throughout the process so there were no surprises. The question was one of leadership, of having the patience and skills to bring people with me— and I had yet to learn that fully.
...how to build accountability into non-profit organizations. Donors could convince themselves to give to nonperforming organizations based on hearing a few good stories. The world needed something better than that.
...it can take years for a new kind of organization to get on its feet and a few years after that for it to walk. The key is to find local leaders who own the dream and will make it happen.
The Blue Sweater, Chapter 1, Innocent Abroad
"There is no passion to be found playing small in settling for a life that is less than the one you are capable of living." — Nelson Mandela
Our actions— and inaction— touch people we may never know and never meet across the globe.
'Regardless of what you become, remember always that to whom much is given, much is expected. God gave you many gifts and it is important that you use them for others as best you can.'
I suggested to my boss an experiment, even a small one, to lend to Brazil's working class might actually provide better results than lending to the rich. He patted me on the head and reminded me of the poor's lack of collateral, the high transaction costs of making small loans, and the culture of poverty, which would result in no one repaying.
...a combination of service and adventure could lead to a lkife of passion and constant renewal.
Many commercial banks now also have a part of their portfolio dedicated to m icrofinance and are doing is successfully and profitably. None of this was thought to be possible 20 years ago; change doesn't happen overnight. (gulp)
...one way to solve poverty is to link grassroots organizations to the resources and skills of mainstream corporations.
Our actions— and inaction— touch people we may never know and never meet across the globe.
'Regardless of what you become, remember always that to whom much is given, much is expected. God gave you many gifts and it is important that you use them for others as best you can.'
I suggested to my boss an experiment, even a small one, to lend to Brazil's working class might actually provide better results than lending to the rich. He patted me on the head and reminded me of the poor's lack of collateral, the high transaction costs of making small loans, and the culture of poverty, which would result in no one repaying.
...a combination of service and adventure could lead to a lkife of passion and constant renewal.
Many commercial banks now also have a part of their portfolio dedicated to m icrofinance and are doing is successfully and profitably. None of this was thought to be possible 20 years ago; change doesn't happen overnight. (gulp)
...one way to solve poverty is to link grassroots organizations to the resources and skills of mainstream corporations.
The Blue Sweater, Prologue
My work in Africa taught me about the extraordinary resilience of people for whom poverty is a reality not because they don't work hard, but because there are too many obstacles in their way.
To address poverty in a more insightful way, in 2001 I started a nonprofit organization called Acumen Fund. We raise charitablefunds, but instead of just using money for giveaways, we make careful investments in entrepreneurs who are willing to take on some of the world's toughest challenges...like health care, safe water, housing, and alternative energy.
We measure our results in social as well as financial terms and share lessons and insights learned with the greater world.
We've seen what can happen when an entrepreneur views the market as a listening device that reveals how to tailor services and products to the preferences of low-income people who are viewes as consumers, not victims.
...we can end poverty. Never before in history have we had the skills, resources, technologies, and imagination to solve poverty that we do now...fundamental change is possible in a single generation.
Today, poor people the world over are seeking opportunity and choice to have greater dignity in their lives— and they want to so it themselves, even if they need a little help. Today we have the tools and technologies to bring real opportunities to people all across the world.
The time has come to extend to every person on the planet the fundamental principle that we hold so dear: that all human beings are created equal. Rather than seeing the world as divided among different civilizations or classes, our collective future rests upon our embracing a vision of a single world in which we are all connected. Indeed, maybe this notion of human connection is the most important— and complex— challenge of our time. Market play a role in this vision, and so does public policy. So does philanthropy. We all play a role in the change we need to create.
To address poverty in a more insightful way, in 2001 I started a nonprofit organization called Acumen Fund. We raise charitablefunds, but instead of just using money for giveaways, we make careful investments in entrepreneurs who are willing to take on some of the world's toughest challenges...like health care, safe water, housing, and alternative energy.
We measure our results in social as well as financial terms and share lessons and insights learned with the greater world.
We've seen what can happen when an entrepreneur views the market as a listening device that reveals how to tailor services and products to the preferences of low-income people who are viewes as consumers, not victims.
...we can end poverty. Never before in history have we had the skills, resources, technologies, and imagination to solve poverty that we do now...fundamental change is possible in a single generation.
Today, poor people the world over are seeking opportunity and choice to have greater dignity in their lives— and they want to so it themselves, even if they need a little help. Today we have the tools and technologies to bring real opportunities to people all across the world.
The time has come to extend to every person on the planet the fundamental principle that we hold so dear: that all human beings are created equal. Rather than seeing the world as divided among different civilizations or classes, our collective future rests upon our embracing a vision of a single world in which we are all connected. Indeed, maybe this notion of human connection is the most important— and complex— challenge of our time. Market play a role in this vision, and so does public policy. So does philanthropy. We all play a role in the change we need to create.
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